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.article__actions{top:inherit}body.essays.annotations.show .inline-question-button,body.ideas.annotations .inline-question-button{display:inline-block;padding-left:12.5%}body.essays.annotations.show .social-sharing--buttons,body.ideas.annotations .social-sharing--buttons{width:100%}body.essays.annotations.show .article__actions__buttons__social,body.ideas.annotations .article__actions__buttons__social{margin:auto;width:-webkit-calc(100% * 2 / 3);width:calc(100% * 2 / 3)}body.essays.annotations.show .article__actions__buttons__save,body.ideas.annotations .article__actions__buttons__save{margin:auto;width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 3);width:calc(100% * 1 / 3);padding-left:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 12);padding-left:calc(100% * 1 / 12)}body.essays.annotations.show .article__actions__buttons__conversations,body.ideas.annotations .article__actions__buttons__conversations{margin:auto;width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 4);width:calc(100% * 1 / 4)}body.essays.annotations.show .social-sharing--buttons 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.annotations__inline-sidebar{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;margin-top:3.6rem;margin-bottom:0}}body.ideas.annotations.show .annotations__inline-sidebar .article__body__meta{width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 3);width:calc(100% * 1 / 3)}@media (max-width: 960px){body.ideas.annotations.show .annotations__inline-sidebar .article__body__meta{width:100%}}body.ideas.annotations.show .annotations__inline-sidebar .article__image{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}body.ideas.annotations.show .annotations__inline-sidebar .article__body__author-details{display:block !important}body.ideas.annotations.show .annotations__inline-sidebar .article__image__caption{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:1.6rem}body.ideas.annotations.show .article__date{float:left}body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .article__body__author-details,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .article__word-count,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .article__body__editor,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .republish-button,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .republish-modal,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar .article__body__partner-bio,body.ideas.annotations.show .article__inline-sidebar div[id*='ViewCounter-react-component']{display:none !important}@media print{.annotations__container,#toggle-annotations{display:none !important}}.article-list{-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;overflow-x:hidden}@media (max-width: 960px){.article-list--wide .article-card--col-3:nth-of-type(1){width:100% !important}}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.article-list--featured .article-list{max-width:none;padding:0}}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.article-list--featured 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h2{text-align:center;font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2rem;font-size:1.8rem;text-transform:uppercase;margin:3.6rem 0 4.8rem}.article-list--popular{background:#fefbec;margin-bottom:4.8rem}@media (max-width: 640px){.article-list--popular .article-card__image-wrap{margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important}}.article-list--col-2 .article-card{width:50%}@media (max-width: 640px){.article-list--col-2 .article-card{width:100%}}.article-list--col-3 .article-card{width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 3);width:calc(100% * 1 / 3)}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active){.article-list--col-3 .article-card{width:33.33%}}@media screen and (min-width: 0\0){.article-list--col-3 .article-card{width:33.33%}}@media (max-width: 960px){.article-list--col-3 .article-card{width:50%}}@media (max-width: 640px){.article-list--col-3 .article-card{width:100%}}.article-list--col-4 .article-card{width:25%}@media 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640px){.article-card__link{margin-left:-2.4rem;margin-right:-2.4rem}}.article-card__title{font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:2.8rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;margin:0 0 1.6rem;max-width:1440px;vertical-align:middle}.article-card__meta,.article-card__type{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-size:1.35rem;margin-top:2.4rem;margin-bottom:1.4rem}.article-card--featured .article-card__meta [class^="section--"],.article-card--featured .article-card__type [class^="section--"]{color:#fff}.article-card__meta{white-space:nowrap;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:relative;padding-left:2.3rem}.article-card__save{left:-0.3rem;position:absolute;top:-0.4rem;white-space:nowrap;z-index:6}.article-card__save:hover:after{opacity:1}.article-card__save:hover ~ span{opacity:0}.article-card__save>div{display:inline-block}.article-card__save 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.article-card__standfirst{font-size:2rem;font-weight:normal;max-width:48rem}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .gutter--outer,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .gutter--outer{padding:0}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .gutter--inner,body.essays.show .article-card--featured .container,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .gutter--inner,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .container{padding:0 1.2rem}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .article-card__meta,body.essays.show .article-card--featured .article-card__meta:after,body.essays.show .article-card--featured .article-card__authors,body.essays.show .article-card--featured .article-card__authors:after,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .article-card__meta,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .article-card__meta:after,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .article-card__authors,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .article-card__authors:after{display:none}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .article-card__image-wrap,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .article-card__image-wrap{margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .responsive-image,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .responsive-image{background-position:top center}body.essays.show .article-card--featured .responsive-image .sizer,body.classics.show .article-card--featured .responsive-image .sizer{max-height:none !important;height:0 !important;padding-top:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 1.6) !important;padding-top:calc(100% * 1 / 1.6) !important}.classic-card-content .article-card__standfirst{display:none}.classic-card-content .article-card__standfirst-card__class{display:block !important}body.classics.show .article-card__authors{font-size:2rem}body.classics.show .article-card__authors p{font-size:2rem}.classic-card-content .article-card__authors,body.classics.show .article-card__authors{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:4;-webkit-order:3;-moz-box-ordinal-group:4;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;display:block !important}.classic-card-content .article-card__authors p,body.classics.show .article-card__authors p{display:block}.classic-card-content .classic-card-content,body.classics.show .classic-card-content{display:-webkit-box !important;display:-webkit-flex !important;display:-moz-box !important;display:-ms-flexbox !important;display:flex !important}.classic-card-content .article-card__standfirst-card__class,body.classics.show .article-card__standfirst-card__class{display:none !important}.classic-card-content .article-card__standfirst,body.classics.show .article-card__standfirst{display:block;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-webkit-order:1;-moz-box-ordinal-group:2;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic-card-content .article-card__standfirst,body.classics.show .article-card__standfirst{margin-top:2rem}}.classic-card-content 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.article-card__authors{display:none}@media screen and (max-width: 960px){body.ideas.show .republish-button:last-of-type{display:none}}.article__wrapper{background:white;position:relative}.article__image__wrapper img{width:100%}.article__image__caption{font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;color:#999;font-size:1.2rem;margin-bottom:1.6rem;margin-top:0;position:relative;text-align:right;top:-0.5rem}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){.article__image__caption{text-align:left}}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){body.essays.show .article__image__caption{display:none}}body.essays.show .article__image__caption__mobile{display:none}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){body.essays.show .article__image__caption__mobile{display:block}}body.essays.show .article__image__caption,body.classics.show .article__image__caption{top:initial;margin-top:0.8rem;margin-bottom:0}body.essays.show .article__image__caption .column,body.classics.show .article__image__caption 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.article__body{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse}}body.ideas.show .article__header__title{font-size:5.6rem;max-width:96rem;margin-left:1.8rem}@media (max-width: 960px){body.ideas.show .article__header__title{font-size:5.4rem;margin-top:1.4rem}}@media (max-width: 640px){body.ideas.show .article__header__title{font-size:4.4rem;margin-top:0;margin-left:0.6rem}}.article__header{display:block;margin-top:1rem}@media (max-width: 640px){.article__header{margin-top:0}}.article__header__title{font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:6.4rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:0.8rem;padding-top:0.5rem;max-width:120rem}@media (max-width: 640px){.article__header__title--video{font-size:3.6rem;display:none}}.article__header__subtitle{font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:3.4rem;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:1.8rem}.article__word-count{margin-top:1rem}@media (max-width: 640px){.article__word-count{display:none}}.article .audio-player{-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:1.6rem;position:relative;z-index:5}.article .audio-player[data-played="false"] .audio-player__controls,.article .audio-player[data-played="false"] .audio-player__buttons{display:none}.article .audio-player__controls{margin-top:-0.6rem}.article .audio-player__wrapper{background:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0, rgba(0,0,0,0.135)), color-stop(12rem, 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960px){.article__actions{-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background:white;bottom:0;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 0.2rem rgba(0,0,0,0.35);box-shadow:0 0 0.2rem rgba(0,0,0,0.35);-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-moz-box-orient:horizontal;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;height:4.8rem;left:0;min-height:4rem !important;margin-left:0;padding-bottom:2rem;position:fixed !important;-webkit-transform:translateY(102%);transform:translateY(102%);-webkit-transform:translateY(-webkit-calc(100% + .2rem));transform:translateY(calc(100% + .2rem));z-index:4}.article__actions .gutter,.article__actions .container{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}body.videos.show 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.container,.article__actions .article__body__content{pointer-events:none}.article__actions .article__inline-sidebar{pointer-events:visible}@media screen and (min-width: 960px){.article__actions.stuck{position:fixed;top:4.8rem}}.article__actions .container{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}.article__body{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;padding-top:7.2rem;width:100%}@media screen and (max-width: 960px){.article__body{display:block;padding-top:3.6rem}}.article__body__meta{color:#444;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:1.6rem;margin-top:0.5rem}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){.article__body__meta>p{display:none}}.article__body__meta p{font-size:1.6rem}.article__body__meta p>a{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.35)}.article__body__meta p.article__body__author-name.vcard{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.article__body__meta svg{margin-right:0.5rem}.article__body__author-details{color:#444;padding-right:3.6rem;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:1.6rem}.article__body__author-details+.article__body__author-details{padding-top:1rem}.article__body__partner-bio{color:black;margin-top:2.4rem;margin-bottom:2.4rem}@media screen and (max-width: 960px){body.ideas.show .article__body__partner-bio{display:none !important}body.ideas.show .article__inline-sidebar__mobile .article__body__partner-bio{display:-webkit-box !important;display:-webkit-flex !important;display:-moz-box !important;display:-ms-flexbox !important;display:flex !important}}.article__body__partner-bio__avatar{float:left;margin-right:1.6rem;width:7.2rem;display:block;z-index:2;position:relative;border-bottom:none !important}.article__body__partner-bio__avatar .avatar{display:block;width:100%;border-radius:initial}.article__body__partner-bio p{position:relative;top:-0.3rem}.article__body__author-name{margin-right:0.5rem;float:left;margin-bottom:-0.5rem}.article__body__editor{margin-top:1rem;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}@media screen and (max-width: 960px){.article__body__editor{display:none}}.article__body__actions{color:#444;margin-bottom:4rem;margin-top:2rem;font-size:1.6rem;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.article__body__actions a{border:0}.article__body__content{font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:2.2rem;line-height:1.4;max-width:96rem;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){.article__body__content{font-size:1.9rem}body.friend.show .article__body__content .gutter{padding-right:2.6rem}}@media (max-width: 860px){.article__body__content{margin-top:4.8rem}}.article__body__content figure{margin:0}.article__body__content figure+figure{margin-top:2rem}.article__body blockquote{border-left:0}.article__body .debug{display:none}.article__replies{clear:both;margin:0rem auto;max-width:68rem}.article__shares{font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;float:left;font-size:1.7rem !important;line-height:1.8}.article__shares .social-sharing__item{color:#444}.article__shares a:hover{color:#f33}.article__site{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;color:#999;display:none;float:left;font-size:1.5rem !important;padding:0.4rem 0 2rem}.article__date{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;color:#999;display:block;float:right;font-size:1.5rem !important;padding:0.4rem 0}body.videos.show .article__related,body.essays.show .article__related,body.ideas.show .article__related{margin-top:4.8rem}@media print{.article .article-card__wrapper--sidebar,.article .shortcode-block-question,.article .social-sharing,.article__actions,.article__body__partner-bio,.article__body__actions,.article__image__caption,.article__inline-sidebar,.article__related{display:none !important}.article__body{width:auto;padding-top:2rem}.article__body__meta{max-width:100%}.article__body__content{width:100%}.article__header{margin-top:-4rem !important}.article__inline-sidebar{margin:0 auto;position:static}.article__site{display:block !important}}@media print{.article__body__content{padding:0;margin:0;font-size:2.4rem;min-width:90rem !important;width:90rem !important;overflow-wrap:break-word}.article__body__content .gutter{padding:0;margin:0}.article-card__authors{display:block !important;font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:3.4rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.1;margin-left:1rem;margin-top:2rem}.article-card__contents__wrap{margin-bottom:3.6rem !important}body.essays.show 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url-prefix(){.article,.article__body,.article__body__content,body{display:block !important}.article__header__title,.article__body__content{min-width:75rem !important;width:75rem !important}}}.audio-corner{z-index:1;margin:0.6rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.audio-corner__top{position:absolute;top:0;right:0}.audio-corner--hidden{opacity:0 !important}.audio-corner__bottom{bottom:0;position:fixed;margin:0;right:0;opacity:0;-webkit-transition:opacity 500ms;transition:opacity 500ms}.audio-corner__bottom:after{content:'';border-top:8rem solid transparent;border-right:8rem solid #9d1d20}.audio-corner__bottom .audio-corner__button{position:fixed;right:1rem;bottom:1rem;border:2px solid #fff;background:#9d1d20;color:#fff}@media (max-width: 960px){.audio-corner__bottom .audio-corner__button{bottom:5.8rem}}@media (max-width: 960px){.audio-corner__bottom{bottom:4.8rem}}.audio-player__main[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner__button--play,.audio-player__main[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner__button--pause{display:none}.audio-player__main[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner:hover .audio-corner__button--audio{display:none}.audio-player__main[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner:hover .audio-corner__button--play{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.audio[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner__button--play,.audio[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner__button--pause{display:none}.audio[data-playing="false"] .audio-corner__button--audio{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.audio[data-playing="true"] .audio-corner__button--play,.audio[data-playing="true"] .audio-corner__button--audio{display:none}.audio[data-playing="true"] .audio-corner__button--pause{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.audio-corner__button{width:2.6rem;height:2.6rem;background:white;display:none;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin-left:0.2rem;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer}.audio-corner__button svg{width:1.8rem;height:1.8rem;margin:0;margin-top:0.5rem}body.on-article .audio-corner__bottom{opacity:1}body.on-article .audio-corner__icon svg{fill:white}body.past-article .audio-corner__bottom{opacity:0}.audio iframe{max-width:10rem;opacity:0;position:absolute;visibility:hidden}.audio-player{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.audio-player[data-error="true"] .audio-player__controls,.audio-player[data-error="true"] .audio-player__buttons{display:none}.audio-player[data-error="false"] .audio-player__error{display:none}.audio-player[data-played="false"] .audio-player__error{display:none}.audio-player[data-played="true"] .audio-player__trigger{display:none}.audio-player[data-playing="true"] .audio-player__button--play{display:none}.audio-player[data-playing="false"] .audio-player__button--pause{display:none}.audio-player__error{cursor:auto;font-size:1.3rem;margin-top:0.6rem}.audio-player__trigger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.audio-player__trigger span{position:relative;top:0.1rem}.audio-player__buttons,.audio-player__trigger i{margin-right:0.8rem}.audio-player__buttons__wrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}.article-card .audio-player__buttons{display:none}.audio-player__controls{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}.audio-player__time{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-size:1.1rem}.audio-player__time--current{margin-right:0.8rem}.audio-player__time--duration{margin-left:0.8rem}.audio-player__bar{position:relative;height:0.8rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.15);cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1}.audio-player__bar__track{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;background:#9d1d20}.author{font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.35}.author__avatar{vertical-align:middle;border-radius:50%;float:left}body.partners .author__avatar{margin-bottom:0.2rem !important}body.search .author__avatar{margin-left:-3rem;margin-right:1rem}.author__avatar--small{width:4rem;height:4rem}.author__avatar--medium{width:6rem;height:6rem}.author__avatar--large{margin-right:1.5rem;width:18rem;height:18rem}.author__name{display:inline-block;font-weight:normal}.author__role{color:#737373;display:block;font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2rem;white-space:nowrap}.bookmark{position:relative;margin-left:0.25rem;z-index:3}.bookmark[data-bookmarked="true"] .text[data-for="false"],.bookmark[data-bookmarked="false"] .text[data-for="true"]{display:none}.bookmark .icon{width:1.25rem;position:absolute;left:0;top:-0.6rem}.bookmark .icon svg{width:100%}.bookmark .icon svg polygon{fill:currentColor}.bookmark .text{margin-left:1.75rem}.mono{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-size:1.4rem !important}.header{-webkit-transition:background 300ms, -webkit-filter 300ms;transition:background 300ms, -webkit-filter 300ms;transition:background 300ms, filter 300ms;transition:background 300ms, filter 300ms, -webkit-filter 300ms}body.classic-header .article__body{padding-top:5.2rem}body.classic-header .header{background-color:#fffcee}body.classic-header .header__container{-webkit-filter:grayscale(1);filter:grayscale(1)}.classic{margin-bottom:4rem;counter-reset:annotation annotation-marker annotationmark}.header-banner--visible .classic{margin-bottom:0}@media (max-width: 960px){.classic .text-truncator{max-height:initial !important;overflow:initial !important}}.classic .text-truncator a{color:#9d1d20;padding-top:1rem;margin-left:3.4rem}@media (max-width: 960px){.classic .text-truncator a{display:none}}.classic .text-truncator:after{background:#fffcee;height:2.5rem}@media (max-width: 960px){.classic .text-truncator:after{display:none}}.classic .text-truncator .faded{display:none}.classic-card-content{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}.classic-conversations__container{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:2rem;margin:2rem auto -2rem;-webkit-filter:grayscale(1);filter:grayscale(1);mix-blend-mode:multiply;width:50%}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active){.classic-conversations__container{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width: 0\0){.classic-conversations__container{display:none}}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic-conversations__container{display:none}}.classic-conversations__container .article-card__meta{display:none}.classic-conversations__container .article-card__title{font-size:2.8rem !important}.classic-author{font-size:3.4rem !important;margin-bottom:2rem !important;font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-weight:400;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:3;-webkit-order:2;-moz-box-ordinal-group:3;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic-author{font-size:2.2rem !important}}.classic-title{font-size:5rem !important;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:0.25rem;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-webkit-order:1;-moz-box-ordinal-group:2;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}.classic-commentary-byline{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:4;-webkit-order:3;-moz-box-ordinal-group:4;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;font-family:"Atlas Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:1.8rem !important;max-width:54rem !important}.classic .ld-image-caption{font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;margin-top:2rem}.classic .ld-image-quote{display:none}@media (min-width: 640px){body.classics.show .classic-card-content{display:block}body.classics.show .classic-author{font-size:2.6rem !important;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:2rem !important}body.classics.show .classic-title{margin-top:3rem !important;margin-bottom:3rem !important}body.classics.show .classic-commentary-byline{font-size:2.5rem !important}}.article__badge--classic{position:absolute;color:#fff;top:1rem;right:1rem}body.classics.show .article__badge--classic{top:auto;bottom:1rem;right:1rem}.article__badge--classic svg{max-height:3rem;width:auto}@-moz-document url-prefix(){line{transform:translate(-1.2rem)}}@media (min-width: 640px){body.classics.show .article__badge--classic{position:static;margin-bottom:6rem}body.classics.show .article__badge--classic svg{max-height:10rem;width:auto}}.whole-article{width:100%}.classic{background-color:#fffcee;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 3rem rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:0 0 3rem rgba(0,0,0,0.15);font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;font-size:2.4rem;padding:4rem 4rem 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.article__actions__buttons__save,.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__social{position:absolute;font-size:1.4em;left:1.5rem;top:1.5rem}@media (max-width: 960px){.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__conversations,.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__save,.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__social{display:none}}.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__save{left:18rem;top:1.7rem}.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__conversations{left:26rem;top:1.7rem}.classic__nav .article__actions__buttons__conversations .inline-question-button{display:inline-block}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active){.classic__nav .classic__tag{visibility:hidden}}@media screen and (min-width: 0\0){.classic__nav .classic__tag{visibility:hidden}}.classic__nav .classic__tag:after{font-size:1.3em;line-height:0;padding-left:0.5em;font-family:arial}.classic__nav .classic__tag:nth-child(1){display:none;z-index:1}.classic__nav .classic__tag:nth-child(1):after{content:'↑'}.classic__nav .classic__tag:nth-child(2):after{content:'↓'}.on-article .classic__nav{top:4.75rem}.classic-header .classic__nav{background:rgba(255,252,238,0.95)}.classic-header .classic__nav .classic__tag:nth-child(1){display:block;z-index:0}.classic-header .classic__nav .classic__tag:nth-child(2){display:none}.classic__tag{display:inline-block;border:1px solid;font-family:"Atlas Typewriter", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-size:1.3rem;margin-right:-1px;padding:0.75rem 1.75rem}.classic__header{font-size:2.4rem;text-align:center;padding:13rem 2rem 13rem;page-break-before:always}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic__header{padding:5.6rem 0}}.classic__header p{margin-bottom:0}.classic__header__title{line-height:1.3;font-size:4rem;font-weight:700;font-family:"Academica Book Pro", Times, Georgia, serif;margin:3rem 0}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic__header__title{line-height:1.1;font-size:5.6rem}}.classic__header__published-date{font-style:italic}.classic__header__header{font-size:3.2rem}.classic__text{margin:0 auto}@media (max-width: 640px){body.friend.show .classic__text{padding-right:2.2rem}}.classic__text__row{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0 1.2rem;width:100%;max-width:110rem;margin:0 auto}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic__text__row{display:block;padding:0}}.classic__text__row[data-contain="false"]{padding:0;max-width:initial;margin-left:-4rem;margin-right:-4rem;width:-webkit-calc(100% + 8rem);width:calc(100% + 8rem)}@media (max-width: 640px){.classic__text__row[data-contain="false"]{margin-left:-2rem;margin-right:-2rem;width:-webkit-calc(100% + 4rem);width:calc(100% 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ease-in-out;width:100%;z-index:1000}.modal-newsletter--open .modal-newsletter{opacity:1;pointer-events:all}.header--fixed .modal-newsletter{display:none}.header--fixed--visible .modal-newsletter{display:block}.modal-newsletter .close-cover{background:rgba(100,100,100,0.95)}.modal-newsletter .shortcode-inline-newsletter{background-color:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 6rem rgba(0,0,0,0.05);box-shadow:0 0 6rem rgba(0,0,0,0.05);left:50%;padding:4.5rem 12rem;position:absolute;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, -50%);z-index:102}.modal-newsletter .shortcode-inline-newsletter__title{letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none}.modal-newsletter .shortcode-inline-newsletter .fieldset.email input{padding-right:13rem}.badge{background-color:#fffcee;border-radius:0.2rem;display:inline-block;font-size:70%;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;vertical-align:middle}.badge--small{font-size:50%}.notifications__container{width:100%;display:block;min-height:40rem}.notifications__container div[id*='Notifications-react-component']{width:100%}.notifications__title{font-size:2.8rem;margin-bottom:2rem;font-weight:normal;margin:4rem}@media (max-width: 1080px){.notifications__title{margin:2rem;margin-top:3.5rem}}@media (max-width: 640px){.notifications__title{margin-top:2rem}}.notification{padding-bottom:1rem;padding-top:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid #ececec}.notification__time{visibility:hidden;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;color:#ccc;font-size:1.2rem;float:left;margin-left:1rem;padding-right:2rem;padding-top:0.25rem;width:20%}.notification__description{float:left;width:80%}.notification__description a{border-bottom:1px solid}#partner-portal{font-size:1.4rem;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden}#partner-portal .partner-item-container{width:-webkit-calc(100% + 3.6rem);width:calc(100% + 3.6rem);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-left:-1.8rem}#partner-portal .partner-item{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;width:25%;margin-bottom:3.6rem;min-height:36rem}@media (max-width: 1200px){#partner-portal .partner-item{width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 3);width:calc(100% * 1 / 3)}}@media (max-width: 768px){#partner-portal .partner-item{width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 2);width:calc(100% * 1 / 2)}}@media (max-width: 480px){#partner-portal .partner-item{width:-webkit-calc(100% * 1 / 1);width:calc(100% * 1 / 1)}}#partner-portal .partner-item__inner{margin:1.8rem;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;position:relative}#partner-portal .partner-item__inner h2{font-size:2.2rem;font-weight:normal;margin:1.2rem 8.5rem 1.2rem 0}#partner-portal .partner-item__inner figure{background-size:cover;background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.05);display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%;padding-top:-webkit-calc(180 / 320 * 100%);padding-top:calc(180 / 320 * 100%);margin:0}#partner-portal .partner-item__link{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;display:block}#partner-portal .partner-item__header{position:relative}#partner-portal .partner-item__avatar{width:6rem;height:6rem;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:1.2rem;-webkit-transform:translateY(50%);transform:translateY(50%)}#partner-portal .partner-item__avatar .avatar{border-radius:initial;background:transparent}#partner-portal .partner-item__footer dl{border-top:1px solid #ccc;margin:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-moz-box-orient:horizontal;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-moz-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:0.3rem}#partner-portal .partner-item__footer dd{margin:0}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="0"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="1"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.1}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="2"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.2}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="3"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.3}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="4"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.4}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="5"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.5}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="6"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.6}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="7"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.7}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="8"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.8}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="9"] .partner-profile__header:after{opacity:0.9}.partner-profile[data-backdrop-strength="10"] 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